DC federal control stems from the Constitution, surveillance of the congress

The Columbia district is a special case in American governance.

This is why President Trump has the distinctive power to send federal agents and troops of the National Guard to patrol the streets of the city for at least a month.

It is in the Constitution.

Article I, article 8, grants the Congress the power “to exercise exclusive legislation in all cases on this district (not exceeding ten miles) as, by transfer of particular states, and the acceptance of the congress, to become the seat of the government of the United States”.

This is a reference to what would become the District of Columbia.

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The founders wanted the Federal Government home to be somewhat cloistered – and protected – local whims and danger. The precursor of the current congress has summoned to Philadelphia. But soldiers of the continental army organized what was known as the Mutine de Pennsylvania of 1783, saying that the “Confederation Congress” owed them a salary. The incident encouraged Alexander Hamilton to suggest that Congress leaves Philadelphia. It was not clear that local authorities could protect the nascent congress against mutineers. So they abandoned Philadelphia for Princeton, New Jersey.

Sewn by what happened in Philadelphia, the founders engraved an eccentric “federal district” which did not exist in a state. The founders estimated that the Pennsylvania was lax to keep the original congress. Therefore, developing their own “capital” for congress – with the government under control – would grant them security.

The deployment by the Trump administration of the federal authorities in the national capital invigorates a secular debate on its governance and its jurisdiction. (Samuel Corum / Getty Images)

The 1st congress adopted the “residence law”. He established what has become Washington, DC. There was a compromise that the new nation would initiate the government’s seat everywhere of what is now Hagerstown, md., And its current location. But the law gave President George Washington the authority to determine the exact location. Washington’s residence was along the Potomac in Mount Vernon. They therefore carved out a “Columbia district” of the territory which was also part of Maryland and Virginia – on the opposite sides of the Potomac river.

The Congress invaded the plot of land on the “Western” bank of the Potomac in Virginia in the 1840s. Stone markers still mark the former Columbia district at the borders in Alexandria and the surrounding area.

The Congress was therefore in charge of the Columbia district until 1973.

It was at this point that the legislators approved the law on the rule of the domicile for DC. DC obtained a non -voting delegate at home (similar to those of the American territories) a few years earlier. But now Washington, DC would present a mayor and a municipal council. But under article I, article 8 of the Constitution, the congress would maintain an ultimate authority over the city. The Chamber and the Senate chaired as a kind of “super municipal council”.

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Legislators have been periodically entered into Washington local affairs from the late 1980s – and especially at the request of the Republicans. The Congress blocked the legalization of medical marijuana at DC in 1998. The Chamber and the Senate also experienced a new criminal justice system for the city in 2022. It is because local law reduced sanctions for serious crimes such as the diversion of cars.

The Republicans gained control of the room in 1994 and quickly discussed the numbering of the rule at home for Washington, DC. Republicans have made their mark by blocking an needle exchange program for drug addicts.

The United States has ratified the 23rd amendment in 1961. This granted the city three electoral votes. However, Washington has no vote on the room of the Chamber or two votes in the Senate – even if its citizens pay taxes on federal income, are used in the army and are subject to the project. This is why the city released registration plates with the nickname “taxation without representation” in the 1990s.

Washington, DC, has long been a cause for Democrats – especially when discussions on the state occur. (Bill Clark / CQ-Roll Call, included via Getty Images)

Democrats have largely defended the fate of DC. A bill to make DC a state failed in 1993, 277-153. However, the Chamber adopted a state bill for DC in 2020, 232-180. The bill would convert most of the current city to “Douglass Commonwealth”, named after the abolitionist Frederick Douglass. The city would therefore not be a state, but a “Commonwealth” like Pennsylvania, Virginia, Kentucky and Massachusetts.

This bill would chise a strip of land, encompassing the Capitol, the White House, the Supreme Court, the National Mall and many federal buildings. Supporters of the legislation argued that it would be the new “seat” of the government as prescribed by the Constitution.

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But the measure never obtained voting in the Senate controlled by the GOP.

And the state is unlikely to soon for DC.

The city is extremely democratic. The new state or Commonwealth will probably elect an American Democratic representative and two Democratic senators. The Republicans would never respect this because he would do the balance of powers in Congress as a might.

Alaska and Hawaii have obtained a kind of state under a compromise, in the twilight years of the Eisenhower administration. (Abbie Rowe / Photoquest / Getty Images)

Note that Alaska and Hawaii entered the union almost together as part of a compromise. We would be the “democratic” state. The other would be the “Republican” state. Consequently, admissions have created a political balance at Congress.

Ironically, Alaska was supposed to be the “democratic” and Hawaii state “Republican”. However, the dominant policy of these two states has mainly returned over the years.

In addition, it is difficult to see how a state plan could overcome an obedce of the Senate requiring 60 years. This is why some progressives pushed the Democratic leaders of the Senate to abolish obstruction several years ago. But it was not clear if DC even had the votes to become a state when the Democrats controlled a thin majority in the Senate.

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This therefore brings us to the present day and to the use by President Trump of the 1973 law on the rule of the house to resume the local police service of Washington. The law indicates that Congress must approve such an action in a month. We can bet that the Chamber and the Senate controlled by the GOP will examine such a measure in September. The potential passage is always tight in the house due to the narrow majority. However, such a plan is probably subject to an obligatory in the Senate.

Most Republicans are impatient to follow the example of President Trump. In addition, the Congress Republicans would adopt the opportunity to dare the Democrats to vote not on a renewal – and to portray them as an opposite order in the streets.

For his part, the president said that he expected the congress to act “very quickly”. But Mr. Trump observed that “we can do it without congresses” if he deems a national emergency.

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President Trump also described the potential of the state of “ridiculous” and “unacceptable”.

Thus, this unique political construction for the national capital is what grants the congress – and the president – the authority on the District of Columbia. It is in the Constitution. And unless the congress is blocking it, President Trump can probably administer DC as he sees fit.