Chagas disease spreading to the United States, mainly California, the study of the CDC
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An little-known disease spread to the United States, mainly in the state of California, warn health officials.
In a new study published in the review CDC emerging from infectious diseases, researchers say that human cases of Chagas disease have been confirmed in eight states, which led them to recommend that the disease is classified as “endemic”.
“Recognizing the endemicity of Chagas’ disease in the United States is crucial to achieving global health objectives,” the authors wrote.
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention define a disease as “endemic” when there is a “constant presence and / or the usual prevalence” in a population in a specific geographic area – in other words, the level of “basic” disease within a community.
“Chagas disease (or American trypanosomia) is already endemic to South America and Central America, but it has now spread to the southern United States, where it is established among insects and animals,” Marc Siegel, main medical analyst of Fox News, told Dr. Marc Siegel.
Chagas disease is a parasitic disease of the disease by triatomine bugs, also known as “kissing kisses”, according to the CDC. (istock)
What is Chagas’ disease?
Chagas disease is a parasitic disease of the disease by triatomine bugs, also known as “kissing kisses”, according to the CDC.
The disease is transmitted when the infected infected infected by the T. Cruzi parasite enter the body of a person, generally by an injury or contact with the eyes or the mouth.
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“When the kissing bug takes a blood meal, he will eventually defecate and leave the excrement somewhere,” Dr. Norman Beatty, an assistant professor of medicine at the University of Florida, author of the study.
“Sometimes it can” poop “on our skin or mucous membrane while feeding, then the parasite enters this site. Bug excrement can also be found inside or near a house, then be accidentally or rubbed in the skin or the mucous membrane.”
“Chagas can lead to fever, fatigue, rashes, body pain and swelling of lymph nodes, and later can cause digestive problems, heart problems and neurological participation,” a doctor warned. (istock)
Transmission to the United States can also occur from a congenital infection, where a mother infected with chronic can transmit the parasite to a fetus or from organ transplantation, according to Beatty.
Signs and symptoms
The first step in Chagas disease, called acute phase, occurs shortly after infection. It is followed by the chronic longer term phase, according to the CDC.
The disease does not always cause disease, but some people may experience symptoms.
“Chagas can lead to fever, fatigue, rashes, body pain and swelling of lymphatic ganglia, and later can cause digestive problems, heart problems and neurological participation,” warned Siegel.
“What really matters is whether the kissing bug was found for invasive houses and nourishes the parasite.”
Another characteristic of the disease is the swelling of the eyelids, also known as the Romaña sign.
In the chronic phase, around 20% to 30% of infected people may encounter potentially fatal heart problems or serious digestive problems, said CDC.
Prevalence of the disease
According to Beatty, around 300,000 people live with Chagas disease that has acquired infection in Latin America and the United States.
“However, the exact number is unknown-a national prevalence study has never been conducted,” he told Fox News Digital.
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The disease is more likely to occur in states where the kissing bug is near the place where people live, which includes parts of California, Arizona, Texas, Louisiana and Florida, according to the expert.
“What really matters is whether the kissing bug has been found to invade houses and shelters the parasite that causes Chagas in a particular region,” he said, adding that researchers “only switch the iceberg” with their understanding of the disease acquired locally in the United States
Laboratory screening tests and treatments are easily available, said the researcher, but clinicians largely ignore that the disease is transmitted. (istock)
“Unfortunately, most of the United States is not aware of this” silent killer “and because it is distributed by a bug,” he said.
“Our first stages are to recognize that it is an endemic infectious disease, to rely on an improvement in education among public suppliers and health care, and allocating research and programs to support tests and additional follow -up.”
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The expert refers to Chagas as a “neglected tropical disease”.
“Our hope as a team that does chagas research here in the United States is that we are aware of the fact that this infectious disease is transmitted here and can be deadly,” he told Fox News Digital. “Additional research and resources are necessary so that we can help alleviate transmission to risk communities, especially those living in rural and agricultural sectors.”
Screening and treatments
In most cases, Beatty said, people are bitten by the bug in their bed or their house.
“From there, a person will try his hand with an image of this bug, and we start the test process and educate on how to prevent the insect from entering the house and dissuade them from wanting to be around human housing.”
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Laboratory screening tests are easily available, said Beatty, but clinicians largely ignore that the disease is transmitted in certain communities.
There are two antiparasitic drugs approved for the treatment of Chagas disease in the United States – benznidazole and lampit (nifurtimox).
In the chronic phase, around 20% to 30% of infected people may encounter potentially fatal heart problems or serious digestive problems, said CDC. (istock)
“Currently, a clinical trial is carried out to assess a new agent for the treatment of Chagas in certain centers in the United States and Latin America,” said Beatty.
No vaccine is currently available to prevent the disease.
It can be a challenge for rural America patients to find a supplier who includes this disease, noted Beatty.
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“In my clinic, people have traveled other states to see me in Florida simply because they have no other near them ready to take care of them,” said the researcher.
“It is essential that we are starting to educate our future clinicians on Chagas disease and the means to test, treat and manage infected people.”
“People have traveled other states to see me in Florida simply because they have no other near them willing to take care of them.”
Beatty also shared some tips to prevent insects from kissing to enter the house.
This includes the elimination of “ports” of nesting animals near a house where rodents would reside, such as wooden or clutter.
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The door amounts, sealing the door bronks, window seals and other entry points, as well as setting up screens on windows and doors, can also be effective.
Beatty also recommends “the judicial use” of the residual spraying of pesticides near potential entry points, such as door tannings and window perimeters.
